PASTEUR

Louis Pasteur, a pioneering French scientist, made significant contributions to microbiology and immunology. In the mid-19th century, he discovered that microbes were responsible for alcohol spoilage and developed pasteurization, a process where heating and cooling destroy bacteria in beverages. Pasteur’s germ theory advancements led to vaccinations for anthrax and rabies. As a professor at the University of Strasbourg and later at Lille, he further developed germ theory, proving that bacteria caused the souring of wine, beer, and milk. His pasteurization method, boiling to remove bacteria, remains crucial today. In 1879, Pasteur successfully vaccinated against chicken cholera, marking the beginning of his groundbreaking work on vaccines for diseases like anthrax, cholera, TB, and smallpox. Despite battling paralysis since 1868, Pasteur continued his research until his death on September 28, 1895. His legacy extends to foundational contributions to immunology and advancements in disease prevention.